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Jacques Goddet (Paris, 21 June 1905 – 15 December 2000) was a French sports journalist and director of the Tour de France from 1936 to 1986. His father, Victor Goddet, was co-founder and finance director of ''L'Auto'', the newspaper that organised the first Tour in 1903. When Jacques Goddet had ended his studies in 1931, he became editor-in-chief of ''L'Auto''. In 1932, he covered the Olympics in Los Angeles. In 1924 Jacques Goddet went to work for his father's paper in the rue du faubourg-Montmartre, Paris. Four years later he followed his first Tour de France and sat spellbound as he watched riders struggle for more than 16 hours on cols "that were no more than mediocre earth paths, muddy, stony". Goddet returned the following year and followed every Tour until 1989, with the exceptions of 1932 when he went to the Los Angeles Olympics and 1981 when he was too ill.〔Goddet, Jacques (1991), ''L'Équipée Belle'', Robert Laffont, France〕 He became chief reporter at ''L'Auto'' and took over organisation of the race when the director, Henri Desgrange, became too ill to continue in 1936.〔 ==''L'Auto'' during wartime== Goddet's role during the German occupation of France after 1940, by which time the Tour had been suspended, is hazy. While he encouraged the newspaper's printers to produce material for the Resistance, he supported Philippe Pétain as leader of France after the Armistice〔 and he handed over the keys to the Vélodrome d'Hiver when the Germans wanted to intern thousands of Jews there. It is an episode which Goddet barely mentioned in his autobiography, ''L'Équipée Belle''. The academics Jean-Luc Boeuf and Yves Léonard said of Goddet's writing in that time: From the several 1,200 articles published by Jacques Goddet in the rubric ''D'un jour à l'autre'' between September 1940 and August 1944, comes a strong Maréchalisme (for Pétain ), both from sentiment and from attraction for the National Revolution, at least until the winter of 1941, finding its roots in the 'trauma of 40'.〔1940, year of the German occupation of France〕 This Maréchalisme is strongest in the first months, such as in particular in an article in ''L'Auto'' of 4 November 1940: ''In 1940, France is starting another life. The Marshal is going to give us a purifying bath.'' The National Revolution is equally praised – and this after Pétain's speech of 12 August 1941 on the 'bad winds' – on 7 November 1941: ''When the Marshal gave France the gift of his self'' () ''to France,〔Pétain used these words in a national broadcast asking for popular support for an armistice. The words 'National Revolution come from Pétain's policy after being given powers by the National Assembly〕 he took as his motto the three words which must characterise the future: fatherland'' (), ''work, family. Each one of us must take these words to heart.''〔Cited Boeuf, Jean-Luc and Léonard, Yves (2003) ''La République du Tour de France'', Seuil, France〕 In choosing those words rather than the ''liberté, égalité, fraternité'' which had been France's motto since the Revolution of 1789, Pétain emphasised that he had ended the republic and created his own replacement, the French State.〔Shields, James (2007) ''The Extreme Right in France: From Pétain to Le Pen''. Routledge, UK. pp. 15–17. ISBN 041509755X.〕 Goddet was therefore for the end of the French Republic, although not necessarily its replacement by fascism. It was more a traditionalism associated with right-wing movements, a "dream to restore the virtues of hard work, honesty, and respect for one's social superiors" which Pétain thought had existed in rural society.〔Price, Roger (1993) ''A Concise History of France'', Cambridge University Press, UK〕 It was nevertheless a period disowned by the French Republic when Charles de Gaulle restored it and for which France took responsibility only in 1995, 50th anniversary of the end of the war, in a speech by President Jacques Chirac marking the round-up of Parisian Jews in the Velodrome d'Hiver.〔Allocution de M. Jacques Chirac Président de la République prononcée lors des cérémonies commémorant la grande rafle des 16 et 17 juillet 1942 (Paris) – Présidence de la République〕 Goddet said in his biography, written 50 years later after his wartime words, "History should not confuse Pétain with Vichy, the true patriotic intentions of the old soldier with the political action of the government in place drawn from the gutter ().〔 While Goddet could never be called a collaborator and insisted in his book that he had done much to thwart the Germans, including refusing to organise the Tour despite the privileges they were offering (see Tour de France during the Second World War), his position was confused by the actions of his elder brother, Maurice. Like Jacques, Maurice had inherited their father's share in the publishing business. Maurice was eased out when his flamboyant policies came close to ruining the company and his final act was to sell shares to a consortium of Germans close to the Nazi party. The major holding in the paper was also sold to the Germans by Albert Lejeune, on behalf of his boss Raymond Petenôtre, who had taken refuge in the USA.〔 ''L'Auto'' therefore fell to some extent under German control and the column of general news that Goddet had included to widen the appeal of ''L'Auto'' appeal became a propaganda tool for the occupants. The doors of ''L'Auto'' were boarded up on liberation on 17 August 1944, because it "submitted to German control". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jacques Goddet」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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